Inilah Alfa Thomas Edisen Biografi

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Inilah Alfa Thomas Edisen Biografi

Riquelme 06.51

Versatile inventor Thomas Alva Edison was born in 1847 in Milan, Ohio, USA. Just three years he received formal education, after it kicked out of school because the teacher thought the child was incredible stupid.
His first creation, electronic voice recorder dibikinnya when he was twenty one years. Her work did not sell. After that he earned fabrication equipment that can diharapnya sold in the market, shortly after he managed to make an electronic voice recorder, he discovered and perfected engine telegraph which automatically prints the letter, which sold for 40,000 dollars, a huge amount at that time. After that, as he queued to find new work and in a short time Edison was not only famous but also the rich. Perhaps, the most original inventions are patented machine that records in 1877. However, more famous in the world than it is the development of a practical incandescent light bulb in 1879.
Edison was not the first to create a system of electric lighting. Several years before the electric current bersinarkan lights have been used for lighting street lamps in Paris. However, following Edison's incandescent bulb electric power distribution system which enables the development of practical electric lighting for the home. 1882, the company began producing electricity for homes in New York, and in a short time had spread throughout the world.
With the establishment of the first electric lighting for homes, Edison is already laying the groundwork for the development of big industry. The use of electric power is not just for lighting but for all aspects of household needs, ranging from televisions to washing machines. Furthermore, the use of electricity through the distribution networks that Edison established itself encourages the use of electricity for industrial sectors.
Edison also contributed for the development of the extraordinary film cameras and projectors. He made important improvements pertilponan (carbon transmiternya improve the clarity of hearing), improvements in the telegraph, and typewriter. Among other findings, among others, dictation machines, coffee machines and the storage battery-driven. Arguably, designing more than 1000 Edison invention, an amount that is really absurd.
One very surprising because their productivity is due at the beginning of his career he built a laboratory investigation in Menlo Park, New Jersey. That's where he gathered a group which enabled makers to help him. This is the embryo of a laboratory investigation that later imitated by so many industries. Edison beginner modern laboratories, a fully equipped central inquiry where so many people working together is a team, is also the result of his work is important, though of course something that he could not patented.
Edison was not only an inventor, he also was involved in organizing various construction and industrial companies. The most important of which eventually transformed into the General Electric Company.
Although the traits he's not a pure scientist, Edison make a scientific discovery. In 1882 he discovered that in a state of near vacuum, electrical current can flow between the two wires are not touching each other. This phenomenon - called Edison's invention - not just have important theoretical intention, but also mean a significant practical use. This leads to the development of vacuum tubes and the foundation of the electronics industry.
Almost all his lifetime, Edison suffered from weak hearing. But, even so, he is more than able to overcome it with hard work is amazing. Edison married twice (his first wife died young), has three children from each wife. He died in 1931 in West Orange, New Jersey.
There was no disagreement about the talent Edison. Everyone agreed that he was the great genius inventor who ever lived. Rows of his findings are very useful and make considered shocking knee chills, although it may be partially developed by other people within thirty years. However, if we consider his personal discoveries, would seem to us that none of it has a decisive significance. For example incandescent bulb, although widely used, is not an irreplaceable items in the modern world. The fact is, illumination from scattered radiation and outgoing in the form of light, which works on the basis of scientific principles are entirely different, is also widely used by people, and in our daily lives does not make any difference if we do not use incandescent light bulbs altogether. Indeed, prior to use electric lighting, candles, oil lamps, and gas lamps are generally regarded as satisfactory levels of illumination.
LPs tool is a clever invention, but nobody thought the tool was able to transform our everyday lives as well as the role presented a radio, television or telephone. Furthermore, in recent years, has created a tool can be a voice recorder with an entirely different method, such as magnetic tape cassette. And if there is no machine record, it does nothing. Many of Edison's patents relating to the improvement of tools, have actually been discovered by others first, even in a form that can be utilized. Improvements in this - although a lot of help - can not be regarded as an important meaning in the sequence of history in general.
But, although none of the inventions Edison-shattering importance, is also useful to remember that he did not just create a single tool, but more than a thousand. On the basis of these considerations I put Edison higher than such famous inventor Guglielmo Marconi and Alexander Graham Bell.

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Inilah Story Plato Figure Thinkers Western People

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Inilah Story Plato Figure Thinkers Western People

Riquelme 06.48

Ancient Greek philosopher Plato is no doubt the forerunner of Western political philosophers and ideas as well as ethics and metaphysics dedengkot them. Its opinions in this field has been read more widely than 2300 years. Inevitably, as the father of Plato resident fathers of Western thinkers,

Plato was born of the famous family of Athens circa 427 BC. In his teens he became acquainted with the famous philosopher Socrates is a teacher as well as his friend. The year 399 BC, when Socrates was seventy years old, he was dragged into court with baseless accusations do shit and deprave the young Athenian. Socrates was condemned, sentenced to death. Execution of Socrates - Plato called "the wisest, terjujur, best of all human beings I have ever known" - make Plato hated democratic government.

Shortly after the death of Socrates, Plato left Athens and during the ten-twelve years of wandering to where the foot carries.

Around the year 387 BC he returned to Athens, founded the university there, an academy which runs more than 900 years. Plato spent the rest of the age of forty years in Athens, taught philosophy and wrote the particulars. Famous disciple, Aristotle, who finished college student at the age of seventeen years, while Plato it was already stepping on the age of sixty years. Plato blindfold at the age of seventy.

Plato wrote no less than thirty-six books, mostly about politics and ethics than metaphysics and theology. Of course impossible to summarize the contents of all the books in just a few sentences. However, with the risk of simplifying his thoughts, I would also try to summarize the main points politiknya.yang ideas presented in the famous book, Republican, representing his thoughts about the ideal form of society that thinks.

The best form of a government, Plato suggested, is a government that is held by the aristocrats. What is meant here rather than aristocratic aristocrats who measured the quality of the dose, the government is driven by the son of the best and wisest in the country. These people should be elected not by the voting population, but through the decision process along. People who have become members of the ruling or the so-called "guardian" should be added those who are equal solely on the basis of quality considerations.

Plato believed that for everyone, whether male or female, must be provided the opportunity to show his skill as a member of the "guardian". Plato is the first major philosopher, and in the long term in actual fact is only he, who proposed the equality of opportunity regardless of gender. To prove the equality of chances, Plato suggested that the growth and education of children is managed by the state. Children must first obtain a thorough physical workout, but in terms of music, mathematics and other academic disciplines should not be overlooked. At some stage, extensive tests must be conducted. Those who are less advanced must diaalurkan to participate and engage in economic activities, while those who must continue to advance and receive gemblengan exercise. The addition of this education should include not only the usual academic subjects, but also explore the philosophy of Plato referred to examine the doctrine of the ideal form of metaphysical ideology.

At the age of thirty-five years, these people who are already fully convinced able to show his mastery in the field of basic theories, must undergo additional training again for fifteen years, which must include work for a practice experience. Only people who are able to show that they can realize the real work in the form of books he had studied can be classified into the "guardian class." Moreover, only people who clearly could. shows that the main interest is to serve the interests of society that can be accepted into. "Guardian class."

Membership guardian is not in itself attract public attention. For, so the guardian is not a lot to get money. They have allowed only a limited amount of personal property and must not have any land for private homes. They receive a certain salary and fixed (it was in a modest amount), and not allowed to have gold or silver. Members are not allowed to have a family guardian separate place, they must eat together, have a couple together. Rewards-frontman frontman for philosophers rather than wealth but satisfaction in serving the public interest. That a sum according to Plato's ideal republic.

Republican widely read for centuries. But it must be noted, a political system that is recommended in it have never actually practiced as a model of any government. During the period between the time of Plato until now, most European countries adopt the system of the kingdom. In recent centuries some countries adopt democratic forms of government. There is also a system of military rule, or under the tyrannical demagogues such as Hitler and Mussolini. None of these governments have in common with Plato's ideal republic. Plato's theory was never a fad any political party, or so bases of political movements such as happening on the teachings of Karl Marx, if thus we may conclude that the work of Plato, although discussed with great respect, is actually completely excluded people in practice? I think not.

True, none of the civilian government in Europe rests on Plato's model directly. However, there are remarkable similarities between the positions of the Catholic church in the middle of the century Europe with the "guardian class" Plato. Medieval Catholic church made up of elites who defend themselves in order not to wilt and marginalized, whose members receive formal philosophical exercises. In principle, all men, no matter where its origin can be selected into the priesthood (though not for women). Also in principle, the priests had no family and was directed solely so that they focus on their own group, rather than lust majesty praised.

The role of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union there are also comparing it with "guardian class" in Plato's ideal republic he had. Here too we find that all of the elite group trained by the official philosophy.

Plato also affect the governance structure of the United States. Many members of the American constitutional convention knew and was familiar with Plato's political ideas. He meant, of course, that the Constitution of the United States opened the possibility to explore and influence the will of the people. And also desirable as a means of selecting people who are the wisest and best to govern the country.

The difficulty of determining the significance of Plato's influence throughout the period - despite extensive and spread - are complicated and indirect presented. In addition to his political theory, the discussion in ethics and metaphysics has influenced many philosophers who came later. If Plato was placed on the order of Aristotle's slightly lower than the list right now, this is mainly because Aristotle was not only a philosopher but also an important scientist. Conversely, the higher the placement of the order of Plato rather than thinkers like John Locke, Thomas Jefferson and Voltaire, why because the writings of political influence world affairs in the long period of just two or three centuries, while Plato had a coverage of more than twenty-three centuries.

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